Parle G Case Study free essay sample

Thumb rule for harvard case study is to have a hard copy of the case and minimum three reading is necessary to  comprehend and answer the questions related to the case  study. Following questions needs to be answered after reading the case study of Tata Motor (in the hand written format and to be submitted on the session of discussing the case, this will be used for your individual evaluation purpose) * Case Study on Parle G: Will be discussed in next to next class The case enables the learner: to appreciate that tactical decisions such as pricing are not made (or, atleast, are not made effectively) in isolation of bigger picture of marketing strategy. * to encourate the participants to explore the challenges surrounding the sustainability of a value-for-money positioning. * to provide participants with the opportunity to devise both short and long term marketing plans. Following question are supposed to be answered (hand written) and to be submitted in our next class. We will write a custom essay sample on Parle G Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This case is ideal for illustrating the complexities that emerge when making a pricing decision in the context of a brand and product category strongly associated with a value-for-money proposition. Answer your view point on following points in relation to the case of Parle G: * Complexity of the pricing decision w. r. Value-for-Money perception * Decisions beyond pricing * Take a position of either maintaining the price or increasing the price. Outline your rationale for the pricing decision * Suggest a marketing plan for the future of Parle-G biscuits. Also prepare a Projected Pamp;L account considering four scenari.

Packet Generator Essays - Network Performance, Packet Loss

Packet Generator Essays - Network Performance, Packet Loss Packet Generator MOTIVATION / GOALS When it comes to real-world network throughput, there are as many opinions about network performance as there are network installations. Every network site is unique, and the performance of the network is a function of the number of stations contending for access to the Ethernet, the type of hardware in use (station interfaces, switches), the layout of the cables (are they the right type, right length, and do they meet the configuration guidelines?), the quality of the cable installation and the mix of applications. However, with the ever-increasing number of networks, the traffic over the Internet is going to be saturated and performance will be down. In light of this problem, the testing, simulating and troubleshooting of a network device become very important. Therefore, in order to develop a more efficient and effective method, the project's goals is To provide the users more functions and flexibility in terms of the packet arrival pattern and the packet size generation. To assess network or the network component's ability to support the given traffic load in terms of packet loss, delay, delay jitters etc. To source and sink real-time multicast/unicast UDP/IP traffic flows with optional support for operation with ISI's rsvpd. To transmit, receive and log time-stamped, sequence numbered packets. To provide a traffic controller using the Leaky Bucket method. INTRODUCTION Informations Technology personnel often look to network benchmark tests to measure monitor and predict the performance of the LANs. This is especially valuable in the case of high-performance backbones that continually support a large number of users and consistently high traffic volumes. However, the current technology of packet generator is very limited in functionality and usage. The project will aim to increase the flexibility of the packet generator in the following areas: Increase the range of options and flexibility with regards to the packet transmission pattern. Instead of just specifying the packet size, the user would be able to specify the distribution function he/she wants to be implemented. Add a traffic controller module to control the number of generated packets that is being sent to the network. Implementing the leaky bucket method and combining it with the dropping method for the traffic controller. HIGHER-LEVEL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM CONCEPT OF LEAKY BUCKET DROPPING METHOD LEAKY BUCKET ALGORITHM Background Our project was actually spawned from the idea of MGEN. It was actually designed and developed by The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Multi-Generator or MGEN is currently running on most operating systems, namely SunOS 4.1.x, Solaris 2.x, Intel-based Linux, NetBSD, etc. Furthermore, MGEN is a specific set of software that provides the ability to generate and receive packets through the network base on an input script file. However, the MGEN script is very limited in terms of its flexibility and functionality. For example, packet arrival generation can only be set to either a Periodic or a Poisson Distribution. Therefore, in order to exploit the MGEN's full capability, a Data Flow On command can be further developed. These two distributions do not represent the real time traffic flow in the network. Therefore, our project will involved developing this MGEN code and coding it in C language so that its packet generator pattern will have few more distributions that better represent a ne twork flow. Among the distribution functions we will include are Exponential, Uniform Distribution, Gamma Distribution etc. In addition, the packet size is to be changed from a fixed value to a varying amount of packet sizes. Also, we have to include the Traffic controller so that we will be able to control the new traffic flow generated by different distributions. As a result, the implementation of leaky bucket will be necessary in order to achieve this goal. Strategic Plan Proposed Approach Our first objective is to work on the packet generator module, study and develop the MGEN code, which was coded in C program. We will choose to run and develop our project on SunOS machines. Using the inputs specified by the users, MGEN will generates packets pattern to the network. The second step is to introduce different distribution functions and add them to the source code in the form of modules. So far, the Exponential and Uniform distribution are the two distributions to be added. Depending upon the progress of the project,

Frederick Douglass Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Frederick Douglass - Essay Example ille Convention, Frederick Douglas presented some of his grievances against the government that were based on the political and social status of black Americans in the United States. His main complaint was that even after the abolition of slavery, the prejudice against black Americans was rampant and a norm in American society. He observed that the justice system and the clergy were also turning a blind eye towards the discrimination experienced by black Americans (Douglass, p. 2). In particular, he criticized the Lynch law which made the black American community increasingly vulnerable to hate crimes by prejudiced people (Douglass, p. 3). Douglas also stated his grievance against the prejudices demonstrated towards black people in seeking employment and justice. Another grievance that he held against the government was the disenfranchisement of the black Americans. The civil right of political participation was not being protected. He decried that the American government was not ensuring fair representation and that the electoral process was flawed. By disenfranchising the black population, the government was preventing them to be represented as political leaders in the states where they are in a majority (Douglass, p. 5). He argued for a fairer electoral system where the black population was given an equal right to vote and be elected. He stressed that it was the responsibility of the government to ensure that the law was applied uniformly without regard to the colour of the skin of the citizens. Douglas stated that the government was responsible to ensure that the freedoms and civil rights granted in the American Constitution were not denied to any citizen. In his struggle for racial equality in the United States, Martin Luther King practiced non-violence. He was a believer in dialogue and negotiation to create mutual understanding between the white and black races so that both could enjoy their civil rights equally in society (King, p. 3). Writing from jail

Juvenile Delinquency in the USA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Juvenile Delinquency in the USA - Research Paper Example The author of the paper states that are the expectations of the public that crime instances done by young offenders will continue to increase anyway no matter what actions and prevention methods the public and the society as a whole try to carry out in order to thwart the prevalence of offenses and criminality. These prospects have their foundations on the forecast of the U.S. Census Bureau which projects that the crimes committed by the young, aged 15-17 - the age group responsible for 30 percent of the offenses incurred by the juveniles - will increase 20 percent by this year (2007) (Ferro 2003). What is worse, the Office of Juvenile Justice reported that the juvenile offenders or children in conflict with the law, who have been relocated into the adult criminal justice system, have escalated in number. In addition, near the turn of the previous century, 40 states including the District of Columbia passed legislation, which eased legal constraints in trying juveniles as adults in t heir respective jurisdictions (Griffin et al. 1998). In order for us to understand why this occurrence cause alarm on the public and the on our justice system, we have to fully comprehend the underlying principles with regards trying juvenile offenders in adult courts which employ adult criminal laws and statutes. Likewise, it is necessary to understand the legal principles that govern young offenders and when these juveniles should not be tried as adults. All states in the United States of America including the District of Columbia permit adult criminal prosecution of juveniles under definite conditions. Under the waiver provisions, for instance, decisions of the transfer of the offender from a juvenile institution to an adult court or adult criminal institution is left to the State's juvenile courts, but clearly provides that young offenders may not be prosecuted as adult criminals unless a juvenile court judge has ordered the transfer (Griffin et al. 1998). The provisions vary fr om one another in the extent of flexibility with which the conditions allow the courts. However, under these provisions, a case against a juvenile must at least originate in juvenile court and cannot be directed anywhere else, unless there is a formal approval from juvenile court judge. In the Direct File provisions, the prosecutor determines whether to commence a case against a young offender in juvenile court or in criminal (adult) court. In Statutory Exclusion, criminal courts are bestowed jurisdiction on the classes and levels of cases involving juveniles. Under this provision, a State legislature fundamentally predetermines the question of criminal prosecution and carries out the decision, bypassing the authority of the prosecutor and the court (Roberts 2004 & Griffins 1998). Nevertheless, these provisions are bestowed to juvenile offenders under specific conditions. Most states in the US contend that the prosecution of the young offenders in adult criminal courts is a legislat ive remedy and a response to the growing violent offenses, but surprising numbers of laws in many states in the country authorize criminal trial even for non-violent offenses. Presently, 21 states permit adult prosecution of juveniles charged of offenses related to property as, for instance, arson and burglary while 19 states afforded provisions in their statutes authorizing prosecution of young people in conflict with the law - whose offenses are drug related - in adult court. Forty-six of the 50 states in this country permit issuance of a waiver for a variety of offenses including personal, property, violent and non-violent (Ferro 2003).  

I will get back to you on this. If you come up with an idea let me Essay

I will get back to you on this. If you come up with an idea let me know - Essay Example The emphasis would be on identifying the causal factors causing depression and evaluating the role of each of them. The thesis statement of the paper is that there are genetic predispositions to depression among children of specific age groups as well as catalyzing factors like absence of a father figure, societal pressures to conform and peer-pressure from other children to perform at school. Hence, the paper attempts to answer the thesis question: Is Depression among children caused by genetic factors or environmental factors or a combination of both with catalyzing factors playing a major role. The problem description is that of children in the age groups of 2 to 6 and teenagers showing symptoms of adjustment to the world around them and hence can be classified as troubled or depressed. The point here is that the paper tries to address the â€Å"nature vs. nurture† question as it relates to depression among children. While many experts have pointed to the genetic predisposition that causes mental health disorders, there are others who have insisted that this is nothing more than â€Å"blaming the brain† as an excuse to not look deeply at the environmental factors that cause depression. The line taken in this paper is that while there are enough grounds for genetic factors being at the root of the issue of depression among children, there is enough evidence to indicate that environmental factors act as â€Å"catalysts† in precipitating depression. Hence, what is being argued in this paper is that while nature might predispose certain children towards psychological disturbances, the other factors like home and family environment and social norms do indeed catalyze the inherent tendency towards depression making the children the victims of depression and other psychological disorders. We all have good genes and bad genes and most of us get through life without

Indian Magazine Industry And The Effect Media Essay

Indian Magazine Industry And The Effect Media Essay The print industry is the oldest of all forms in India. Though book publishing consists of a very small part of this industry but the major portion is held by newspaper and the magazine industry in terms of the revenue. The various reasons that have increased the growth of this industry are mainly the robust consumption and rising income levels of the people. This is a mature industry but every year new magazines have been launching. New titles to focus on Niche topics for a particular bunch of people (to cater to a particular audience) are launching heavily. The revenue source for a magazine is mainly subscription, single copy sales and advertising. The magazine industry is going through a tough phase in India just like in other countries. Newspapers have added supplements to their main issue and infringed on the content covered by magazines earlier. There is still a demand for high quality print content and magazines need to deliver on that need to avoid losing market share to othe r mediums. In addition, they also need to explore and distribute their content on the web and mobile platforms to give choice to their subscribers to consume content from anywhere and at any time. Literature review India has 49,000 publications, but annual revenues total just $1.1 billion. Most lack technology, marketing, and capital to grow which has resulted in a handful of publications dominating the market with the Times of India Group being the market leader. Distribution is critical for a magazine since it has to be readily available and marketed to consumers. Big publications have strong distribution network set up. With the growth coming from Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities, magazines have to expand their distribution channel aggressively in those locations and localize content where needed. Trends in the Tech Magazine industry Multichannel: 24/7 Content Distribution. Print will still play a flagship role for most magazine enterprises, but there will be a continued drive to expand existing channels including print magazines and newsletters, digital magazines and e-newsletters, mobile, Web sites, blogs, pod casts, virtual events, video and many others. E-Publishing: Technology Forward: This new way of bringing the printed word to life has resulted in the creation of new software and hardware devices such as the Kindle (e-reader). Relevance is everything to consumers, and both emerging print-based and electronic technologies will continue to enable ever-higher levels of personalization at affordable costs. Content: Content is only growing in importance, and magazine publishers ability to generate targeted content will remain a huge asset in an information-hungry world. Magazines have discontinued supplements, which were earlier distributed free of cost with the main product. The print industry in India is highly fragmented due to the large number of local languages. Regional language publications own 46 percent of the market share, Hindi language publications cover 44 percent and the remaining 10 percent is served by English publications. The primary penetration of English language magazines currently is in metros and urban centres though the growth is widening to smaller cities as the education and income levels increase among the middle class. But also the Average issue readership numbers have been on a decline due to increased competition from free content on the Internet and Mobile platforms. The ad revenue sources are national, local, classified, pre-printed (inserts) and advertorials. The CPM rate for magazines is lower than television and the audience is more targeted. With the opening up of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy, several international publishers are aggressively entering the market and this trend is expected to continue. A slew of foreign players launched their India editions. The most notable magazine launched was Forbes India in May 2009 by Network18 and Forbes Media. RPG Groups Open, a weekly magazine aimed at evolved Indian readers who are well informed, well-travelled and identify themselves as global citizens. Pathfinder publishings maiden title Career 360, a monthly publication focusing on career advice. Technology Review, a technology magazine launched in India jointly by MITs Technology Review magazine and Cyber Media India Ltd. Hearst Corporations Harpers Bazaar, a fashion and beauty magazine in partnership with India Today. The re-launch of Delhi Press The Caravan, a fortnightly magazine that covers politics, culture, arts and literature. Images Groups FNL and Salon and Living etc., an Indian edition of international homes magazine. Gill India Communications What Women Want, a womans magazine for women aged between 20 and 45 years and Lifestyle Living, a lifestyle magazine dedicated to those with a creative lifestyle. The trend for foreign magazines to launch their India edition is expected to continue in 2010 as well, with BBCs Lonely Planet magazine having launched recently. Newspapers and publications have reduced the number of pages to cut print and production cost. Magazines have discontinued supplements, which were earlier distributed free of cost with the main product. Advertisement Revenue Breakdown by Region North: 23% South: 38% East: 9% West: 26% National: 4% Top 25 English Magazines in India India Today Readers Digest General Knowledge Today Competition Success Review Filmfare Wisdom Stardust Outlook Diamond Cricket Today Business Today Femina Competition Refresher Health Nutrition Auto Car Outlook Business Womans Era Business India Champak Outlook Traveller Business World Digit Society Frontline India Today is the highest read English magazine in the county with an AIR of 1,955,000, which is an 8.7 percent decline in its readership. Readers Digest has seen a 2.1 percent drop in its AIR and is now at 1,327,000. Stardust has slipped down the list with a 11.4 percent decrease. The current AIR is at 388,000. Diamond Cricket Today has an AIR of 378,000, which is a 5.5 percent decline. Competition Refresher has increased by 37.3% and its AIR is now at 335,000. The Week has dropped by 4.2 percent and the AIR is 322,000. Femina has dropped by 4 percent and now has an AIR of 309,000. Business Today has dropped by 12 percent in its AIR down to 287,000. Health Nutrition has an AIR of 250,000, which is a 11.3 percent decline. The Sportstar has seen 14.8 percent drop in its AIR and now stands at 242,000. Business India stands at 222,000, which is a 7.5 percent decline in its AIR. Womans Era has seen an AIR of 200,000, which is a 4.8 percent decline. Auto Car had a 13.1 percent growth to an AIR of 199,000. Champak has seen a 4 percent decrease with an AIR of 193,000. Business India has an AIR of 166,000, which is a decline of 18.6 percent. Business World has an AIR of 165,000. Outlook Traveller has seen an AIR of 146,000. Digit has seen a 5.8 percent decline. Society has seen a growth of 1.7 percent. Frontline has seen a 20.8 percent decline. Femina Girl saw a growth of 6.2 percent. Auto India like many others has seen a 18.7 percent decline in its AIR. P C Quest and Outlook Money have both seen a decline of 17.4 percent and 24.3 percent respectively. Business and Economy has seen a 6.5 percent growth with an AIR of 82,000. Inside Outside has seen a 17.3 percent while Cosmopolitan has seen a 61.4 percent growth. Overdrive has dropped by 23.7 percent. The Telegraph in Schools has grown by 72.5 percent with an AIR of 69,000. New Woman has seen a drop of 9.2 percent while Magic Pot has an AIR of 58,000. Time has seen a growth of 3.6 percent. Cine Blitz has dropped by 5.7 percent while Elle and Savvy have grown by 29.7 percent and 13 percent respectively. Top English Magazines by Segment Current Affairs, Culture Politics Outlook Society Women Femina India Today Plus Entertainment Filmfare Stardust Sports Sport Star ESPN Fashion Vogue (UK) Cosmopolitan Business Financial Capital Market (Stock Market) Business Today Computer Electronics PC Quest Travel Leisure Budget Travel Discover India Magazine Children Amar Chitra Katha Spiderman Competition Master Fashion Lifestyle Another Magazine M Magazine Literature Darpan India Star Discussion of the case Britains Haymarket Publishing Group already has ties to Autocar India, with 80,000 subscribers. Now, it can invest, provide funds to print more copies, market more strongly and use Autocar as a platform to bring its other brands. Bombays Tata Infomedia, a $30 million publisher of yellow pages and trade magazines, also has already started to solicit business with foreign companies. The Tata Group sold the Indian edition of Readers Digest magazine, making it the first publishing property offered for sale since the government had scrapped the ban on foreign investment in the print media. The opening up of the print media sector to foreign investment is a bold decision by the Government, considering the unwillingness of so many past Governments to do the same. It could enrich the quality of the magazines and other publications. Online advertising sells for far less per ad than printed ad space, therefore; promoting any company products or service online is much more preferable. This comes as no surprise considering the small physical size of most online ads when compared to print ads. It is important for tablet advertising to define a pricing model for their ads. Tablets have the ability to create much larger, unavoidable ads, similar to those seen in a printed magazine, with the addition of interactivity and multimedia. That being said, tablet price ranges could have the potential to be comparable to print advertisements. Though digital sales rise every year, print is still dominating the magazine industry. The Indian magazine sector has reached INR14.9 billion in 2009. The segments revenues increased at 7.2% y-o-y in the year 2009. Among the magazine companies surveyed, 73% of the respondents believed that magazine readership growth will continue to be driven by the metros and Indias 15 largest cities. Of the 20 most-read magazines in India, only 3 magazines are in English, while the remaining are in Hindi and other regional languages. English magazines however, garner the lions share of ad revenues. Alternate revenue streams such as events and digital delivery are gaining ground, and are expected to account for 20%-50% of total revenues within the next three years. Currently, the magazine segment may not yet have successful strategies and business plans in place to profitably monetize the digital space. Talking about the digital space we see that the E-book sales have accelerated rapidly since 2008, but only a small fraction of consumers currently read e-books. The market for media tablets, which consists of tablet computers (including Apples iPad) and electronic readers (including Amazons Kindle) exploded in 2010. In the first year of availability over 15 million tablet computers reached consumers. In addition, the size of the Indian electronic reader market almost doubled in size, surpassing 10 million units. By 2015, almost 200 million tablet computers are expected to be sold and consumers will use them to consume content that was previously found in printed books, magazines and newspapers. Although a large portion of consumers seem to enjoy reading magazines on an iPad, print still has a firmer hold on the magazine industry.While this study shows print magazines as an overall more enjoyable and popular method of conveying magazine content, portable tablets such as the iPad are showing huge potential. Another thing regarding price was the fact that a single issue for print and digital were the same. Consumers realize there is no paper, postage or ink costs involved with digital and are therefore not willing to pay as much for an iPad issue. While many enjoyed the tablet experience, overall opinions leaned toward print as their preferred method of obtaining magazine content. Conclusion Print media companies have made great efforts to capitalize on the migration of consumer eyeballs towards digital, and magazine publishers are no exception. Newspapers have already faced severe competition from online news sources, and the adoption of media tablets, especially tablet computers, will make browsing news websites and digital editions even more convenient for consumers and advertisers. One important factor regarding the two media is consumer accessibility. If a consumer does not own a tablet, they are not able to access a tablet magazine. Whereas anyone interested in reading a magazine can do so without hassle. This puts tablet magazines at a clear disadvantage to print in terms of consumer accessibility. According to the Apple Inc. website, the price of an iPad comes in at around $500 dollars (IPad). The amount of money put into an iPad is much steeper than only purchasing a print magazine; be it subscription or monthly. Print still has a significant lead on the consumer population. The conclusion finally is; although tablet magazines will take a portion of the magazine market, print still holds the majority of consumer interest. Firstly though, the iPad must become ubiquitous in order for its digital magazines to compete with the ubiquity of print. That means both the iPad Staughton 31itself as well as its digital magazines must drop in price. With the current popularity of print, programmatic design in tablets will need to be expanded upon; graphics, navigation, interactivity and physical experience must become significantly more appealing if it is to ever overthrow print. Until more sophisticated digital features are implemented into the iPad, tablet magazines will continue to be second to the print magazine industry.

family pressure in great depression Essay -- essays research papers

1. Family pressure during the great depression was unlike any the U.S. has ever seen. Everything about families changed in the 1930s. Couples during the depression delayed marriage, and at the same time the divorce rates dropped because people could not afford to pay for two households. Birthrates also dropped and for the first time in American history below the replacement level. Income was closed to none in all families; regular income had dropped by 35% just in the years Hoover was in office. Families had a lot of stress; some pulled together and made do with what they had others pushed away. People turned to who ever they had, family, friends, and after all else the government. Although there were rich people in the depression as well that the depression did not effect at all who were oblivious to the people suffering around them. By Franklin Roosevelt’s inauguration the unemployment rate was up to 25% only increasing till the 1940s. Within families the role played changed as well. Women and children were now working to put bread on the table. Fathers would despise sons for becoming the main source of income for a family. Unemployed men had a deep lack of self respect. That often led them to running away from there families forever. Because many men ran out or stopped caring the women’s role was enhanced and became working women. Black women found it easier to find work a servants, clerks, textiles, workers, ect. Work made all women’s status go up in their homes. Most mi...